
Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄Ρ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ Ρ Π»Π°ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡ.
ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°.
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ°:
Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π°
ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π² ΠΌΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ.
ΠΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΆ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ:
- ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ;
- ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ;
- ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ.
ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏ
ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½, ΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π² Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ β ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π½Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ.
Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π³ β ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π₯ΠΎΡΡ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ Π²Π°Ρ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. Π‘ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°Π΄Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ Π° Π·Π΄Π΅ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ. ΠΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½, ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ.

ΠΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Ρ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ
ΠΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ-ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ. Π Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ Π±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π° Π² Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅ Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ.

ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ
ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ β ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΊ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π°.

ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈ
ΠΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅
Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ β ΡΠΎ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ.

ΠΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅

ΠΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½, ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ:
- ΠΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ.
- ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°.
- ΠΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π° Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ·ΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ΠΉ.
- ΠΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π΄.
ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΌ Π² Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ β ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π»ΡΠ±ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ Π΅, Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Ρ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ° Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎ- ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π΄Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°: ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ. Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΠΠ€. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΌ β ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΈ.

ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ

Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ βΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡβ

ΠΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΎ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² β Π³ΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½, ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°. ΠΠΎΠ» ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ°.

ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π° Π½Π° Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ

Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ·Π°Π»Π°
ΠΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°
ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎ, Π±ΡΠΌΠ°Π³Π° Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΊ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ. Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» β ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ½Π°.

ΠΠΎ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Π½
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π²Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» β Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ, Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π·ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ Π΅Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΠΌ Π²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π² Π² Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½, ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ Π·ΠΈΠΌΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π·Π΄Π΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ.

ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½
ΠΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΠΠ€ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² β ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π ΠΎΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ : ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½. ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°.

ΠΠΠ€-ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π»Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°, Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π²Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΠΌ Π²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π° Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ.
ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ β Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠ°, ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ β ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ β ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΡ Π² Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π°.

ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π½, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ
ΠΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² β ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ°ΡΠ°.
Π₯ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ, ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΠΏΡ. ΠΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π· Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π° ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ³Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΊ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ½Ρ, Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅Π² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ β Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ.

ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠΈΡΡΡ Π²Π»Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ
ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌ. ΠΠ½ Π½Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½, ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ² ΠΊ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ. ΠΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅. ΠΠ½ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π³Π½ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π Π°ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π²ΡΡ , ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ , Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΡΡ , ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡ . ΠΠ½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΊ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ. Π‘ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ² Π»Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ-ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ Π°ΠΉ-ΡΡΠΊ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ².

ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ β ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°
ΠΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ½ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΈΡ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡ. Π§Π°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ, Π° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.

ΠΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ°
ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΠ½ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡΡ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠΈΡΡΡ Π²Π»Π°Π³ΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ°ΡΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½. ΠΠ½ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π°. Π₯ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠΌ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ: ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΠ·Π°ΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ, Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈ-Π³ΡΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΌ.

ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°
ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΡ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ:
- Π£ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
- ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
- ΠΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ.
Π£ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ.

ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠ° Π²Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡ β Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΡ. ΠΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ. ΠΠ½Π° Ρ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ Π²Π΅Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌ Π²ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΡ.

Π‘Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°-Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΡ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ , ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° Π²ΠΎ-Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΡ , ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ. ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π² ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ².
ΠΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ:
- Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π»Π°ΠΌΠΏΡ.
- Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈ.
- Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ-ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΠΈ.
- Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ³Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ².
- Π‘Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡ .
- Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ .

ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°

ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°

Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π±Π΅Π»ΠΈ
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π±Π΅Π»ΠΈ. ΠΠ° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ:
- Π‘ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ»ΡΡ.
- ΠΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΡ.
- ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΊΠΈ.
- ΠΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ.
- Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Ρ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ.

ΠΠ° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π° Ρ Π³Π°ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ

ΠΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π° Ρ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌ.
ΠΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ: ΠΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
Π€ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°
Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΠΉ
Π’ΡΠΏΠ»ΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ (Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ) ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ 62 ΠΌΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Β«ΡΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠΉΒ» ΠΏΠΎΠ» ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°. Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π²Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ (Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ), Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΠΠ€, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΡ.
ΠΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΡ β ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ . Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ² Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΊΡ.
Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄Ρ ΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈ, Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΡΡ Π½ΠΈ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°Ρ
ΠΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ: ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Π ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° β ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ.
ΠΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ² Π² ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ.
Π―ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅
Π’ΠΠ-5 ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅
1ΠΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π±Π΅Π»ΡΡ.
2Π Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π²Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡ

ΠΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌ Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π°Π΄ β ΠΊΡΠΎ-ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π»Π°, ΠΊΡΡ Π½ΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈ, ΠΊΡΠΎ-ΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.
Π Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅, ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π΄ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ·Π°Π», Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ².
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ°:
ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ
ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ β ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. ΠΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΡ.
ΠΠ°Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ Π±Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏ
90000 Decoration of balconies inside: photos, ideas 90001 90002 The presence of a balcony in the house makes peoplethink about its purpose. It is believed that the balcony is only needed to store unnecessary things on it, rubbish and conservation for the winter. For some, this is a place for smoking or drying clothes, although it is really possible to make a full-fledged room from the balcony. Therefore, like the rest of the rooms in the house, it requires a functional arrangement, the decoration of the balcony, also plays an important role.90003 90004 Increase in usable area 90005 90002 Nowadays you can often face a problema small living space. Everyone is looking for ways to increase the footage, someone reduces the corridor, well, someone increases the area at the expense of the balcony. One or two meters will be useful, especially for small apartments. 90003 90002 The arrangement of the balcony depends on the fact that youwant to see there. If the purpose of redevelopment is to increase the kitchen, then on the balcony the dining area looks good.When the balcony goes into the yard, it’s even better, you can dine and enjoy the view from the window. For convenience, the balcony is insulated and heated, so that even in the cold season there will be comfortable and warm. Also install a refrigerator or dishwasher. 90003 90002 If the dining table is not to your liking, instead of the windowsill, the bar stand with high chairs looks good — an excellent place for parties. Be sure that friends will be satisfied. 90003 90002 Looks good office or work area on thebalcony.Here it is easy to fit a table and a comfortable chair, and above the work area there is an office with shelves, where it is convenient to store notes, diaries, books or papers related to work. 90003 90002 To gather your thoughts, relax, relax after a hard day’s work, on the balcony often set up a place to relax. A highlight is a hammock or rocking chair, book lovers, film fans and needlewomen such a balcony design will be just right. 90003 90002 For fashionistas, it is reasonable to organize a smalldressing room.In order not to litter the balcony with things, you should buy a wardrobe or put functional shelving, where you can store not only things, but also shoes, bags, accessories. 90003 90002 If the house has small children, then, of course, need a game room. To ensure that the children were safe, metal grills are installed on the windows. For the decor fit pictures, colorful lockers for toys, if the child is an athlete — he does not interfere with the Swedish wall. 90003 90002 Increase the area you need with the mind, not worth itclutter the balcony, so choose the best option and make a nice home.Rescheduling an apartment with a balcony, you immediately notice the result and evaluate the advantages of the option of combining a balcony-loggia with one of the functional rooms. 90003 90004 Beginning of balcony arrangement 90005 90002 Before making cardinal decisions, forstart getting rid of old and unnecessary things. After cleaning the room, proceed with the design of the future design. First, measure the balcony, then draw a drawing to make it easier to equip the room and arrange furniture.The decoration of the balcony from the inside, as in the photo, depends on the room with which you plan to join the balcony. 90003 90002 For example, a successful continuation of the kitchen-dining room will be a grill-terrace on the balcony. 90003 90002 The arrangement of space consists of the following stages: 90003 90030 90031 Glazing. Qualitatively glazed balcony is an effective protection against noise, cold and dust. When planning to make a living room on the balcony, it is better to choose a warm glazing.To make windows use different materials, but not all of them are suitable for warm glazing. In this case, a great option will be windows made of plastic or wood. 90032 90031 Waterproofing. When equipping the balcony, protect the space from moisture. As the balcony slabs are destroyed under the influence of moisture, the waterproofing will preserve the functionality of the room. Based on the characteristics of the room, allocate at least two options for insulation. Partial insulation provides for the covering of balcony slabs.You can treat the whole balcony from the inside or protect it with visors. Surface treatment is carried out with the help of liquid rubber, composites based on bitumen are also used. Seal the seams will help the moisture-proof sealant. 90032 90031 Warming. Often insulation is combined with waterproofing. To begin with, cover the crevices with a mounting foam. This is an important stage, so carefully handle everything. Further, the surfaces are treated with penetrating waterproofing and the insulation material is packed with polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, foam or mineral plates.Then a vapor barrier film is used. 90032 90037 90002 If possible, organize a heating system and a warm floor — be sure to use it. 90003 90004 Balcony finishing 90005 90002 When the glazing and insulation work is finished, proceed with the selection of the inner skin. Selecting the material for the decoration of the balcony inside, as in the photo below, take into account the characteristics and features of the room. 90003 90002 First of all, pay attention to the strength and moisture resistance of the material, also find out how long it will serve.Common options for finishing the balcony area: 90003 90030 90031 Lining of wood. Wood is a solid and environmentally friendly material. The wooden lining is easy to install, long-time operated and has a high level of noise insulation. 90032 90031 Plastic lining also lasts a long time, justIt is mounted, unlike a tree, the lining is selected according to the color. As for leaving, then special skills are not needed, just simply wipe the surface with a sponge. 90032 90031 Drywall. No less popular material, even though fragile.It absorbs moisture, fireproof, weighs little. Decoration and decoration of the balcony inside, as in the photo, plasterboard will cost inexpensively. 90032 90037 90002 Walls on the balcony paint or wallpaper. Before painting the walls, they are leveled. This is an obligatory stage. Otherwise, all defects and irregularities will be visible. 90003 90002 For the floor wizard is not recommended to useheavy materials. They will serve as an additional load, which can lead to the appearance of cracks.But do not worry, linoleum, laminate, carpet or tile will cope with this task for one hundred percent. 90003 90002 To finish the ceiling, choose traditional materials, they will best hide the communication and give the balcony a presentabl 90003.90000 6 Decor Ideas to Take Your Tiny Balcony to New Heights 90001 90002 With balmy summer weather just around the corner, we’re sure you can not wait to soak up as much time as possible in your beautiful backyard. 90003 90002 Oh wait-you’re an apartment or condo dweller, you say? Instead of a lush backyard, all you have is a tiny balcony. Fear not! Even if your concrete slab of outdoor space is not looking very inviting right now, there’s no need to stay inside and be miserable. There’s still plenty of time to turn your little balcony into an urban oasis.90003 90002 «Maximizing your tiny balcony space can be easy with the right combination of fun furniture pieces and decorative, but functional objects,» says 90007 Lauren Visco 90008, an interior designer at DesignBridge in Chicago. 90003 90002 Ready to take your small balcony to the next level? Follow these expert-approved design tips. 90003 90012 1. Make the flooring beautiful 90013 90002 90015 90016 Photo by Michael Muraz Photography 90016 The worst part about apartment balconies may be the cold concrete flooring.Unless you’ve had a tetanus shot recently, you do not want to step outside with bare feet. 90003 90002 But that can easily be remedied by covering over it, notes 90007 Erica Leigh Reiner 90008, owner of E. Leigh Designs in Los Angeles. 90003 90002 «Cover ugly, outdated, or cracked patio flooring with easy-install wood or plastic patio tiles,» she recommends. 90003 90002 For example, try Casa Pura Patio Pavers ($ 59). «This totally upgrades the quality, color, and style of the space using just the amount you need, without breaking the bank.»90003 90002 Once you have the flooring down, Visco says, finish the job with a beautiful outdoor-friendly rug such as the West Elm Ikat Mix Indoor / Outdoor Rug (starting at $ 299). 90003 90012 2. Forgo the bistro table 90013 90002 90032 90016 Photo by Marylou Sobel Interior Design 90016 Your balcony is small and narrow, so you might think a small, round bistro table for two is the way to go, right? 90003 90002 Not so fast! 90003 90002 Go for a rectangular table instead, such as the Wayfair Salvatore Gray Patio Table ($ 310).If you push it up against the rail edge of the balcony, you can fit two chairs on the sides, plus a narrow bench on the other. Boom-instant dinner party for four! 90003 90002 If you can not make a rectangular table fit, Reiner recommends a hanging table like the Pottery Barn Juliet Balcony Table Rail ($ 149) that will not take up valuable floor or visual space. 90003 90012 3. Go global 90013 Go global with some exotic touches. 90002 Pinterest / Pier 1 90003 90002 Friends giving you FOMO on Instagram with proof of their travels to exotic places? If you can not beat ’em, join’ em! Use your small outdoor spot to create your own permanent vacation, recommends 90007 Anna Brockway 90008, co-founder and CMO of Charish in San Francisco.90003 90002 «Weaving global textiles into a small outdoor space can transport you from your apartment balcony to anywhere in the world,» she says. 90003 90002 To start, try adding a few small items such as kilim cushions, she suggests. One example: the Wayfair East Urban Home Tangerine Kilim Outdoor Pillow ($ 39). 90003 90002 «Then finish up by hanging a few glass lanterns overhead to achieve a Turkish and Moroccan look on a budget,» she adds. 90003 90012 4. Take it tropical 90013 Bring the beach to you with these tropical touches.90002 Pinterest / La Nacion 90003 90002 If the beach is your scene, set up a corner of a small balcony to be a tropical oasis. You’ll need an Acapulco chair or two such as the Design Tree Home Acapulco Indoor-Outdoor Lounge Chair ($ 190) and decorative palm accents such as the RSH Decor Tommy Bahama Swaying Palms Outdoor Throw Pillow ($ 50). 90003 90002 Add in a few low-maintenance palm planters, and be sure to serve yourself a rum punch. You’ll feel like you’re in the Caribbean, even if you have not gone anywhere.90003 90012 5. Hang your greens 90013 90002 90067 90016 Photo by Decora y vende 90016 On a small balcony, think vertically-especially when it comes to plants, Reiner stresses. 90003 90002 «Get those pots off the floor, and save that space to use,» she says. «I can not recommend using vertical space enough.» 90003 90002 Hang potted plants from the ceiling with a sturdy hook, or in wall-mounted planters. 90003 90002 Bottom line: «The more plants, the better,» Reiner says. 90003 90012 6. Provide privacy, please 90013 90002 90080 90016 Photo by Leslie Glazier @ Properties 90016 Apartment balconies often are exposed to the world, which can be the opposite of Zen.You do not have to live your life in public, though, Visco says. 90003 90002 If you have metal railing on your balcony, pick up a privacy screen for as little as $ 26 on Amazon. If you’ve got glass, you can cover it with an exterior-grade window film, in a partly opaque or frosted finish. 90003 90002 «Using these films will still allow light to filter through, but give you more privacy,» Visco says. 90003 90002 Have a landlord who would not be keen on your alterations? You can use an easy-to-remove film with a static cling design, which you can find at most home improvement stores or on Amazon for less than $ 25.90003 .90000 Small Balcony Design Ideas, Photos and Inspiration 90001 90002 If you’re like many people who long for more balcony space, take comfort in the fact that you’re not alone. Considering the millions of individuals who live in the world’s biggest cities-often in multistory dwellings-you can bet there are some amazingly creative balcony decorating solutions out there. Today we showcase a collection of them for your inspiration. 90003 90002 90003 90002 Whether you live in an apartment with a tiny balcony or you reside in a home with a compact second-floor outdoor space, the images below will give you a slew of clever ideas for you try out on your own.It often all boils down to plants, comfy seating and a solid design. Believe it or not, maximizing your space does not have to be tricky. And do not get caught up in the mindset that your balcony is too small to enjoy. If everyone with a compact balcony thought that way, the world would be deprived of some amazingly innovative outdoor spaces … 90003 90008 It’s All About the Plants 90009 90002 The key to creating an amazing outdoor space: signs of the outdoors! There’s nothing worse than a bare balcony.Yet if you bring the plants a few stories up from the ground, your balcony will have an element of natural beauty that reinforces the wonder of spending time in nature. Below we see a collection of potted plants on a small balcony. 90011 Not only do plants add an element of privacy, they bring a sense of color and depth to the space. 90012 90013 [from HomeMyDesign.com] 90014 90003 Flowers on a small balcony 90002 In fact, this balcony celebrates plants from floor to ceiling. Speaking of the floor, below we see tiers of plants, from greenery displayed in a plant stand, to a violet selection on a folding table, to a cactus that rests on the ground.90011 Tiers of plants create the illusion of being in a decadent garden. 90012 Then again, why should not your balcony be its own decadent garden ?! 90003 Potted plants on a small balcony 90002 90011 Sometimes just a few carefully selected plants can make a big statement. 90012 In the Moroccan-style space below, we see a beautiful orange tree that transforms a stone wall into an opulent canvas. 90013 [from Lonny] 90014 90003 Lovely orange tree on a sunny patio 90002 Did you know that you can use the same amount of design detail on your small balcony that you can employ in a large yard? 90011 It’s all about making each flourish count.90012 In the modern outdoor space below, we see contemporary succulent planters decked out in a range of interesting configurations. Note how the planters are placed along the windows so residents can enjoy them from the indoors. The result: a succulent garden effect! 90013 [from Glenna Partridge Garden Design via Houzz] 90014 90003 Small balcony in Vancouver 90002 90011 Remember that every detail counts. 90012 Do not fret about not having flowerbeds to embellish with your favorite blooms.Treat each planter as a flowerbed. In a close-up of the space above, we see oodles of carefully selected plants, as well as strategically placed seashells. In fact, each planter holds a landscape of its own, which adds intricacy and depth to the balcony. 90003 Succulents on a small balcony 90002 Just as there is power in the intricate, 90011 there is power in the monochromatic 90012! This next narrow balcony celebrates the beauty of red, from the hanging lanterns to the rosy blooms that line each side of the space.90013 [from Savio & Rupa] 90014 90003 Red flowers on a narrow balcony 90008 Comfy Seating is Key 90009 90002 The plants are in place, but what about the rest of your space? Do not you want to thoroughly enjoy spending time on your balcony oasis? Turns out 90011 you need some seating in order to truly sit back and relax 90012! If you’re on a budget, do not think that good seating options have to be expensive. In fact, the bench below is crafted from plastic storage containers, plywood and reed fencing.For more fabulous design details, check out the tutorial video from Engineer Your Space. 90003 Balcony makeover with a reed fence 90002 If your patio has a tad more room, 90011 you may be able to fit a table and chairs for outdoor dining. 90012 And why not ?! Who would not want to savor some great food and refreshing drinks on the Mediterranean-style patio below? 90013 [from Alice Masin via Houzz] 90014 90003 Mediterranean-style patio 90002 In fact, 90011 even a small table and chair set can give you plenty of room to enjoy a glass of wine and some tasty nibbles 90012 with friends and family on a mild evening … 90013 [from Gleicher Design Group] 90014 90003 Dining on the balcony 90002 90011 A big part of patio design involves clarifying your priorities.90012 When it comes to the smallest of spaces, you may have to make some crucial choices. Are plants your first love? Do you want a place to sit and enjoy the view, or is dining the deal-breaker? Do not be afraid to fill the space with the things you love. For example, the table and chair set below may be a tight squeeze, but it’s well worth it. In addition, built-in planters allow residents to enjoy a bit of greenery as well! 90013 [from Aloha Mirasierra] 90014 90003 Small balcony with flowers 90002 90011 There is also power in simplicity.90012 If all you want is a quiet place to take in the view with a friend or a loved one, resist the urge to clutter your space with trinkets. Note the chic elegance of the Miami balcony below. A couple of white modern chairs make a big statement, mirroring the interior’s white decor. 90013 [from FORMA Design] 90014 90003 Modern white chairs on a Miami balcony 90002 However, 90011 you may be surprised about how much you can actually fit into your balcony space. 90012 Below we see two comfy chairs, a side table for setting down books and drinks, and a collection of potted plants.Also note special details like a striped rug and an elephant watering can! 90013 [from Christopher A. Dorsey Photography and Design] 90014 90003 Modern New York balcony 90002 90011 Do not underestimate the power of seating on the perimeter of the balcony. 90012 Leave the middle open to create a sense of space, but place a bench on the side so you can enjoy the view from a stylish resting spot. 90013 [from Flashdecor] 90014 90003 Seating along the edge of a small balcony 90002 90011 Do not forget that you can add color and pattern to your balcony with the strategic selection of seating.90012 In the next featured space, we see a colorful blue-green seat cushion, as well as a vibrant bench decked out in stripes and scrolls. Blues, greens, reds and other radiant shades add interest (and style)! 90013 [from Casa de Valentina via The Small Garden] 90014 90003 Striped textiles on a small balcony 90008 Designing the Space 90009 90002 We end our post with a reminder that when it comes to outdoor design, thoughtful consideration can go a long way … Take some time to design your space.90011 Plan the layout of features such as seating and plants, and strategically incorporate color to create the vibe you’re after. 90012 Below we see a balcony with a view of the Miami skyline. The style: manicured elegance. 90013 [from Errez Design] 90014 90003 Plants and colorful seating on a modern balcony 90002 90011 Paying special attention to the design style you’re trying to achieve truly pays off. 90012 For example, trimmed boxwood and white bistro-style patio furniture combine to create a true French look on the charming balcony below.90013 [from Lonny] 90014 90003 Charming Manhattan patio 90002 90011 Incorporate design details of various heights to add interest to your space. 90012 For example, below we see tall metal shelving that holds fresh, green details. A wooden patio table and chair set adds a dose of warmth. A potted topiary reinforces the garden-style look of this balcony. In fact, it’s the green details that together serve as the unifying force for this outdoor haven! 90013 [from Homedit] 90014 90003 Well-designed small balcony 90002 While many balconies proudly showcase a few carefully placed items, do not forget that 90011 your balcony can also hold practical items as needed.90012 It’s all about how you incorporate them into the space. For example, below we see two folding chairs creatively stashed out of the way with the help of wall hooks. In addition, shelving holds a sun hat and other useful items. 90013 [from Livinais] 90014 90003 Small balcony that maximizes space 90002 90011 Do not underestimate the value of privacy. 90012 On the balcony below, we see how reed fending creates a wall around the space, as do well-positioned plants. The result: a balcony that serves as a true retreat! 90013 [from Stylish Eve] 90014 90003 Private small balcony 90002 We’ll leave you with a balcony makeover filled with amazing design highlights and easy DIY ideas from Mandy Pellegrin of Fabric Paper Glue.Black, white, Kelly green and pink create a refreshing outdoor palette, and crafty details like handmade herb markers help you 90011 put your own special stamp on your space. 90012 For more details, including some amazing DIY how-tos, check out Home Depot. 90003 Small balcony makeover DIY from Home Depot 90002 Now it’s your turn! Have you used a clever design technique to decorate a small outdoor space? Or perhaps you have a favorite idea from above that you just can not wait to try out! Share your small balcony solutions by leaving a comment below … 90003 .90000 Ideas for a small balcony 90001 90002 90003 90002 As small can be a balcony, there are smart ways to turn it into a viable external space for food, for rest after a tiring day. 90003 90006 90007 90008 Folding table: 90009 Glue a folding table in railings, to enjoy a meal or your coffee in the balcony and then fold into the railings. 90010 90007 90008 Hanging Grill: 90009 Because in a small balcony there is no room for full-sized barbecue, there’s hanging, compact and functional (easy lighting, quick cooking) and satisfactory aesthetic.90010 90015 90006 90007 90008 Pots-zarntinieres: 90009 Even plants can live in a small balcony, provided that the pots and zarntinieres to rely on impale them on to save space. 90010 90015 90002 And many other balcony ideas, some of them we have collected and want to share with you in the following picks 90023 90003 90002 90003 90002 90003 90002 90003 90002 90003 90002 90003 90002 90003 90002 90008 With all these interventions, a small balcony can be functional and enjoyable.90009 90003.